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Topical Issue - Space Climate: Solar Extremes, Long-Term Variability, and Impacts on Earth’s System

Open Access

Historical events and observations

Did Alfred Russel Wallace See Aurora near the Equator?

Hisashi Hayakawa, David Hooper, Craig Rodger, Yusuke Ebihara, Heikki Nevanlinna and David Willis

Received: 17 October 2025 / Revised: 06 February 2026 / Accepted: 06 February 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026003

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Open Access

Technical Article

A Neural-Network Framework for Tracking and Identifying Cosmic-Ray Nuclei in the RadMap Telescope

Luise Meyer-Hetling, Martin Jan Losekamm, Stephan Paul and Thomas Pöschl

Received: 22 July 2025 / Revised: 12 January 2026 / Accepted: 21 January 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026001

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Open Access

Technical Article

Relativistic Electron and Proton Experiment for the HENON mission: simulated performance

Catherine Madjiguene Ngom, Philipp Oleynik, Pasi Virtanen, Osku Raukunen, Juhani Peltonen, Tatu Peltola, Tero Säntti, Risto Punkkinen, Arttu Punkkinen, Deepa Anantha Raman et al. (4 more)

Received: 28 October 2025 / Revised: 26 January 2026 / Accepted: 30 January 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026002

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Open Access

Research Article

Faint red auroras as seen from Japan associated with intense magnetospheric compression

Tomohiro M. Nakayama and Ryuho Kataoka

Received: 09 May 2025 / Revised: 29 January 2026 / Accepted: 12 February 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026004

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Open Access

Technical Article

Thermospheric mass density derived in near real time from space debris

Andreas Johlander, Seméli Papadogiannakis and Ola Rasmusson

Received: 05 November 2025 / Revised: 13 February 2026 / Accepted: 13 February 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026005

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Open Access

Research Article

A new approach to modelling space weather impact on the aerodynamic drag of LEO objects

Victor U. J. Nwankwo, Jens Berdermann, Claudia Borries, Frank Heymann, Timothy N Kodikara, Isabel Fernandez-Gomez and Mohammed M Hoque

Received: 22 September 2025 / Revised: 11 February 2026 / Accepted: 23 February 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026006

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Open Access

Research Article

Field-aligned currents are strongly modulated by corotating solar wind high-speed streams

Rajkumar Hajra, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Adriane M. S. Franco, Quanming Lu, Aimin Du, Gurbax S. Lakhina, San Lu, Xinliang Gao and Ezequiel Echer

Received: 03 November 2025 / Revised: 10 January 2026 / Accepted: 27 February 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026007

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Open Access

Research Article

Global IsUG Index Maps for Tracking Ionospheric Variability: A Case Study of the 4-5 November 2023 Geomagnetic Storm

Artem Smirnov, Eric Asamoah, Víctor Navas-Portella, Elena Kronberg, Hermann Lühr, Qi Liu and Manuel Hernández-Pajares

Received: 20 August 2025 / Revised: 18 February 2026 / Accepted: 27 February 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2026008

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