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Table 1.
Main ionosphere satellite missions potentially relevant in the creation of the IWS by their particle data and wave recording.
| No | Mission | Year | Orbit | Payload |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Atmosphere Explorer-A | 1963–1966 | 255–916 km, i = 57° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes. |
| 2 | Atmosphere Explorer-B | 1966–1967 | 276–2725 km, i = 64° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes. |
| 3 | Atmosphere Explorer-C | 1973–1978 | 149–4294 km, i = 68° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes, optical and UV spectrometers. |
| 4 | Atmosphere Explorer-D | 1975–1976 | 154–3816 km, i = 90° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes. |
| 5 | Atmosphere Explorer-E | 1975–1976 | 156–2983 km, i = 20° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes. |
| 6 | Dynamics Explorer 2 | 1981–1983 | 309–1012 km, i = 90° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes, sensors for quasi DC magnetic field, DC and AC electric field. |
| 7 | San Marco D/L | 1988–1988 | 262–619 km, i = 2° | Neutral wind probe, plasma probes, electric field probe. |
| 8 | Active (Intercosmos-24) | 1989–1993 | 500–2500 km, i = 82° | Plasma probes, sensors for quasi DC electric and magnetic fields, wave probes, energetic particle probe, VLF-transmitter. |
| 9 | APEX | 1991 | 440–3000 km, i = 82° | Sensors for neutral and ionized species of atmospheric gazes, electric beam and plasma injectors. |
| 10 | FREJA | 1992 | 650–1800 km, i = 65° | Plasma probes, high data rate electromagnetic wave probes, energetic particle probes, UV imager. |
| 11 | GPS system | 1994 | 20,200 km, i different, ≥24 satellite | For ionosphere research: total electron content (TEC). |
| 12 | ROCSat-1 | 1999–2004 | 600 km, i = 35° | Plasma probes. |
| 13 | CHAMP | 2000–2010 | 454 km, i = 87° | Magnetic field probes, precise accelerometer. |
| 14 | Variant (on Sich-1M S/C) | 2004–2005 | 280–650 km, i = 83° | Electric probes, electromagnetic wave probes, electric current probes, fluxgate magnetometer. |
| 15 | DEMETER | 2004–2010 | ~710 km, changed to 660 km, i = 98° | Plasma probes, electric field and AC magnetic field probes. |
| 16 | Compass-2 | 2006–2007 | ~400 km, i = 79° | Electromagnetic wave probes in ULF-VLF bands. |
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