The European Ionosonde Service: nowcasting and forecasting ionospheric conditions over Europe for the ESA Space Situational Awareness services | Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate

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Table 3.

The TaD subroutines for the topside reconstruction at a single point.

Input parameters	Subroutine	Output
Month, LT, glat, f10.7, Kp	TSM: Topside Sounders Model	Empirical functions of parameters H_T: topside scale height (≡H_O+) h_T : transition height R_T: ratio H_T/h_T
	Analytical functions based on Alouette, ISIS-1,-2 topside profiles (Bilitza 2001)
H_m, k, R_T, h_mF2, N_mF2 and glat	TSMP: Topside Sounders Model Profiler	Empirical functions of parameters H_P: plasmaspheric scale height (≡H_H+), H_P = H_T(9cos²glat + 4) Ne: electron density profile in the topside ionosphere and plasmasphere g is the ratio N_H+/N_O+ at h_T k is the correction parameter that converts H_m (the neutral scale height) to make it compliant with H_T
	Analytical functions based on ISIS-1 topside profiles to model plasmaspheric scale height
Digisonde parameters at the height of maximum density (hmF2, foF2, H_m), R_T, and vTEC (GNSS) at the Digisonde location	TSM-assisted Digisonde Profiler	where s = H_He+/kH_m The integral of the Ne profile can be adjusted to the measured vTEC by varying solely the correction parameter k
	Calculation of the actual profile over each Digisonde location to update TSMP with current Digisonde and TEC (GNSS) parameters

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