Comparison of (a) low frequency variation with longer than 500-day of periods from daily averaged TIM/TSI and SOLSTICE/Lyman-α (121 nm) in black and red lines. Overlaid dotted lines are low frequency variations with longer than 200-day of periods, for TSI and Lyman-α, respectively. Numbers in left and right axis indicate variations in W m⁻² for TSI and W m⁻² nm⁻¹ for Lyman-α, respectively. (b) Same as (a), but high frequency variation which indicates the short-term variation. For this mode, the low frequency variations longer than 500-day of periods are removed from TSI and Lyman-α time series.