Global maps of Mars vTEC. The different maps correspond to the different outputs of the MoMo model for different seasons (in the North hemisphere) at local noon at the meridian origin. The F10.7P is fixed for a high solar activity level (170 sfu) corresponding to of 70 sfu for spring, 61 sfu for summer, 79 sfu for autumn and 88 sfu for winter. The black crosses are the location of two assets on the Mars surface (N10° and S10° in latitude; 0° in longitude) used in Figures 9 and 10.