Overview of proton precipitation in the polar regions at t = 1100 s in the simulation. (a) Precipitating proton integrated energy flux in the northern hemisphere. (b) Same in the southern hemisphere. (c) Precipitating proton mean energy in the northern hemisphere. (d) Same in the southern hemisphere. In each panel, the radial coordinate is geomagnetic latitude, and the angular coordinate corresponds to MLT (noon on top). The red circles indicate selected geomagnetic latitudes.