Sunspot numbers observed from 1975 to 2023 and comparison to two sunspot number predictions for solar cycle 25. The first prediction was made by the NOAA/NASA/ISES panel in 2019 (blue curve) and the second is based on the timing of the so-called terminator event (McIntosh et al., 2023) in the revised version from early 2023 (red curve). An average solar cycle is shown for reference (green curve). Source: helioforecast.space/solarcycle, accessed on June, 4 in 2024.