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Table 1.

Riometer locations and operating frequencies. (SGO riometers are used only in Sect. 5).

Riometer Code Geodetic lat. (°N) Geodetic long. (°E) Invariant latitude at 50 km altitude (°N) Freq. (MHz)
NORSTAR Riometers, Canada
Contwoyto Lake cont 65.75 −111.26 73.2 30.0
Dawson daws 64.05 −139.11 66.0 30.0
Eskimo Point eski 61.11 −94.05 71.1 30.0
Fort Churchill fchu 58.76 −94.08 68.9 30.0
Fort Simpson fsim 61.76 −121.23 67.5 30.0
Fort Smith fsmi 60.03 −111.95 67.6 30.0
Gillam gill 56.38 −94.64 66.6 30.0
Island Lake isll 53.86 −94.66 64.2 30.0
Fort McMurray mcmu 56.65 −111.21 64.5 30.0
Pinawa pina 50.20 −96.04 60.5 30.0
Rabbit Lake rabb 58.23 −103.68 67.3 30.0
Rankin Inlet rank 62.82 −92.11 72.8 30.0
Taloyoak talo 69.54 −93.55 79.5 30.0
Lancaster University IRIS Riometer, Finland
Kilpisjärvi kil 69.05 20.79 66.0 38.2
SGO riometers, Finland (subset)
Abisko abi 68.40 18.90 65.4 30.0
Ivalo iva 68.55 27.28 65.2 29.9
Jyväskylä jyv 62.42 25.28 59.0 32.4
Rovaniemi rov 66.78 25.94 63.5 32.4
Sodankylä sod 67.42 26.39 64.1 30.0

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