Fig. 8.

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A selection of four panels from Figure 9 of Howard & DeForest (2014) presenting a basic narrative of the launch of a flux rope that gave rise to the CME on 12 December 2008. The narrative was constructed via careful observation and measurement of features observed with white light and EUV imagery and in-situ spacecraft. (a) The initial launch caused by the magnetic reconnection of the overlying field at the western end, manifest by a flare, (b) the departure of the central segment of the flux rope by means of mass draining and the stretching of the overlying field, (c) the departure of the field overlying the central segment by magnetic reconnection, (d) an illustration of an estimated configuration of the flux rope when it arrived at the in-situ spacecraft near 1 AU.

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