Two solar proton fluence models based on ground level enhancement observations | Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate

Measurement, Specification and Forecasting of the Solar Energetic Particle Environment and GLEs

Open Access

Fig. 15

Total GLE fluence averaged over the years 1956–2012 (in black), exponent-over-rigidity solar proton fluence spectrum averaged over 1954–2008 (Reedy, 2012, in orange), compared with spectra at 30% confidence (in blue) and 90% confidence (in red) simulated with model 2 for a mission of 37 years during solar active time and 20 years during solar quiet time.

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