Predictions of the variations with fraction of year, F, for the various mechanisms, (a) shows the annual variations of the various angles involved: (blue) the heliographic latitude of Earth, Λ_H; (mauve) the dipole tilt, ϕ; (green) the angle β_GSE between the Z axes in the GSM and GSE frames of reference; (black) the angle β_GSEQ between the Z axes in the GSM and GSEQ frames of reference. The values shown are averages over daily intervals. (b) Factors based on these daily-mean angles: (blue) |sin(Λ_H)|, the axial effect for an increase in solar wind power with distance away from the solar equator; (mauve) cos(ϕ), a factor that displays the equinoctial effect; (green) |sin(β_GSE)|, the IMF [B_Z]_GSM component (in nT) for an IMF B = [B_Y]_GSE = 1 nT and a half-wave rectification coupling function; (black) |sin(β_GSEQ)|, the IMF [B_Z]_GSM component (in nT) for an IMF B = [B_Y]_GSEQ = 1 nT and a half-wave rectification coupling function. Note the difference between the black solid line which is for daily means of β_GSEQ, |sin(〈β_GSEQ〉)|, and the black dashed line which is for daily means of sin(β_GSEQ), |〈sin(β_GSEQ)〉|: the averaging of the UT variation means these are not the same on days when higher resolution β_GSEQ values (on minute or hour timesacles) are a mixture of both polarities: the dashed line decribes the daily mean R-M effect and is the same as that shown at the base of Figure 1e.