(a)–(c): F-UT plots of mean normalised power input into the magnetosphere, P_α/P_o, averaged into 1-hour bins of UT and 36 equal-width bins of F. The data are 1-minute values averaged into 1-hour intervals using the criteria for handling data gaps that limits the errors they cause to ±5%, as defined by Lockwood et al. (2019b) and are sorted by the polarity of the Y component of the IMF over the prior hour: (a) is for [B_Y]_GSEQ > 0 and (b) is for [B_Y]_GSEQ < 0. The black contours are the locations of the peaks predicted for the Russell-McPherron effect, being the two contour lines for A_θ = 0.28 and A_θ= 0.3 plotted in Figure 8c. (d) is the F-UT plot for the P_ψΔB(ψ) factor (see text) and (e) and (f) are the F-UT plots sunward velocity in the GSEQ frame of the axial geomagnetic poles at an altitude of 800 km in the northern and southern hemisphere, computed for each F and hourly UT in the same way as in Figure 10.