Open Access
Table 1
List of historic events (location information is given in Appendix B).
| Event | SSC | Dst peak | Dst peak | Spike-like interval | Spike-like duration | Positive spike | Positive spike MLT | Negative spike | Negative spike MLT | Referencesb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year month | UT day hh:mm | (nT) | UT day hh | day hh–hh | (h) | Stationa | (h) | Stationa | (h) | |
| 1859 Sep | ** | ** | ** | 02 05:00–07:00 | 2 | CLA | 11 | Tsurutani et al. (2003) | ||
| 1870 Oct | 24 09:54 | ** | ** | 24 10:30–11:30 | 1 | COI | 10 | Vaquero et al. (2008) | ||
| 1903 Oct | 31 06:00 | ** | ** | 31 08:00–10:30 | 2.5 | CUA | 2 | COI | 9 | Hayakawa et al. (2020) |
| 1909 Sep | 25 08:30 | ** | ** | Bm, BY, Km | ||||||
| 25 11:42 | 25 11:45–13:00 | 1.25 | API | 1 | SFS/GRW | 12 | Love et al. (2019b) | |||
| VQS | 8 | |||||||||
| MRI | 16 | |||||||||
| 1918 Mar | 07 21:06 | ** | ** | 07 21:00–23:00 | 2 | HRB | 23 | Bm, BY | ||
| GRW | 22 | Valach (2017) | ||||||||
| 08 01:30–02:30 | 1 | HRB | 3 | |||||||
| GRW | 2 | |||||||||
| 1921 May | 14 22:12 | ** | ** | 14 22:15–23:45 | 1.5 | KEW | 23 | API | 11 | Bm, BY |
| KAK | 8 | Cliver and Dietrich (2013) | ||||||||
| 15 05:30–7:00 | 1.5 | API | 19 | Hapgood (2019) | ||||||
| 1940 Mar | 24 13:42 | ** | ** | 24 14:00–15:30 | 1.5 | KAK | 0 | Km | ||
| 24 15:36 | 24 15:30–16:30 | 1 | KAK | 1 | ||||||
| 1958 Feb | 11 01:24 | −426 | 11 11 | 11 01:30–02:30 | 1 | SPT/HAD | 2 | KAK | 11 | Sm, Bm, BY, Km |
| TUC | 18 | |||||||||
| HER | 3 | |||||||||
| PAB | 22 | |||||||||
| 1959 Jul | 15 08:00 | −429 | 15 19 | 15 08:30–10:00 | 1.5 | TUC | 2 | SPT/ESK | 9 | Sm, Bm, BY, Km |
| KAK | 19 | TFS | 12 | |||||||
| ASH | 13 | |||||||||
| 1960 Nov | 12 13:48 | −339 | 13 10 | 12 03:30–05:30 | 2 | SPT/HAD | 4 | ASH | 8 | Sm, Bm, BY, Km |
| 12 18:42 | PAB | 1 | ||||||||
| SJG | 0 | |||||||||
| TUC | 21 | |||||||||
| 1972 Aug | 04 01:19 | −125 | 05 04 | Km, Ogawa (1986) | ||||||
| 04 20:54 | 04 21:00–23:00 | 2 | HER | 23 | KAK | 7 | ||||
| 1982 Jul | 13 16:18 | −325 | 14 02 | 13 17:30–19:00 | 1.5 | SPT/ESK | 18 | BOU | 11 | Sm, Bm, BY, Km |
| MMB | 4 | Ogawa (1986) | ||||||||
| 13 19:00–20:30 | 1.5 | SPT/ESK | 20 | BOU | 13 | |||||
| 13 21:00–22:30 | 1.5 | SPT/ESK | 22 | BOU | 15 | |||||
| 13 23:00–01:00(14) | 2 | HER | 1 | KAK | 9 | |||||
| 1991 Jul | 08 16:36 | −194 | 09 15 | 08 16:40–17:30 | 0.75 | MMB | 3 | FRD | 12 | SM, Wilson et al. (2001) |
| THY | 18 | FRN | 9 |
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