Fig. 1

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Box-plot with whiskers of different plasma parameters based on data from Swarm A in the Northern hemisphere (NH, shown in blue and green) and in the Southern hemispheres (SH, shown in orange and red) during high (HSA, shown in blue and orange) and low solar activity (LSA, shown in green and red) in different regions: (a) equatorial (low) latitudes; (b) mid-latitudes; (c) high latitudes (auroral oval); (d) polar caps. The lowest and highest points on the box-plot (i.e., the boundary of the lower and upper whisker) are the minimum and maximum values of the data set (excluding any outliers). The box is drawn from lower (25%) to upper (75%) quartile percentiles with a horizontal line to denote the median value. The Y-axis shows the number of measurements of density. To keep the clarity in this semi-logarithmic plot, we start plotting the Y-axis from the number of counts greater than 100. The top panels correspond to the distributions in the NH while the bottom panels to the SH; left panels are for the high solar activity (HSA), and right panels are for the low solar activity (LSA). We can see that the values of the electron density at equatorial latitudes significantly prevail over other regions.

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