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Table 1

The definitions of the variables used in the analytic phase screen model.

Variable Definition Unit
Φ0 The amplitude of the phase variation rad Hz
d The length scale of the TID (wavelength Λ divided by 2π) m
z The distance from phase screen to observer m
v The TID propagation velocity ms−1
Δθ The source angular size rad
α The phase gradient of the background ionosphere rad Hz m−1

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