A statistical comparison between observations and predictions from the Swarm-VIP models in the 0°–15° geographic longitude sector for |Grad_Ne@100km| (left panel), |Grad_Ne@50km| (upper middle panel), |Grad_Ne@20km| (upper right panel), the IPIR index (lower middle panel) and the electron density (lower right panel) as a function of latitude. This comparison shows average values in bins spanning 5° of latitude. Negative values of latitude indicate the southern hemisphere. Observations are indicated by the blue lines and predictions by the red lines.