Figure 4
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Top: Spectrogram of Swarm Alpha data on 17-Jan-2023 from UTC 00:25:00–00:43:00 on a quiet day (Kp = 0) illustrating 50 Hz powerline harmonic radiation (PLHR) and the 82 Hz signal produced by the Russian ZEVS transmitter. See Figure 3 for further details. Bottom: Distribution of ZEVS event detection (82 Hz) [inset] and PLHR events at 50 Hz (left) and 60 Hz (right) using all available 2020–2022 burst-mode data for Swarm Alpha and Bravo in the 10-second time-windows.
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