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Table 3

Comparison of numerical results with a lead time of one day. Models denoted as “pers.” refer to persistence models. The best numerical results per metric are bolded.

Model RMSE (km s−1) MAE (km s−1) CC R 2 DTW (×103)
One day pers. 69.6 50.9 0.64 0.28 0.17
Carrington pers. 102.0 75.1 0.21 −0.56 1.80
Linear 59.4 43.4 0.69 0.47 1.67
ElasticNet 82.3 67.5 0.00 −0.02 7.42
WSA-ENLIL 124.0 97.4 −0.06 −1.31 3.20
CNN 69.7 55.4 −0.09 −0.22 3.11
SWAN 64.5 ± 1.3 46.5 ± 1.1 0.64 ± 0.02 0.37 ± 0.03 1.82 ± 0.09
BaLNet 54.6 ± 3.3 40.8 ± 2.7 0.79 ± 0.02 0.59 ± 0.05 2.45 ± 0.21

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