Supplementary materials

The empirical definition of the PPFD area represents a region with similar flux characteristics. In consequence measurements at any point inside this area may be used to represent the whole PPFD area. This may be of special interest to particle precipitation/ionisation models. Tables S1, S2 and S3 in the supplementary information contain area definitions in MLT and Modified Magnetic Apex 110 km coordinates (based on IGRF and similar to AACGM coordinates) and can thus be converted into geographic coordinates for arbitrary times.

Table S1: Magnetic apex latitude and MLT of the polar particle flux distribution area equatorial boundary for low energy electrons in relation to Kp.

Table S2: Magnetic apex latitude and MLT of the polar particle flux distribution area equatorial boundary for high energy electrons and low energy protons.

Table S3: Magnetic apex latitude and MLT of the polar particle flux distribution area equatorial boundary for high energy protons.

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© O. Yakovchuk & J.M. Wissing, Published by EDP Sciences 2023